Researchers develop eco-friendly materials from nut shells

European researchers are working on creating durable and sustainable materials from tough nut shells. The goal of this research is to develop sustainable, energy-efficient, and biodegradable materials for use in packaging and textiles. The new materials aim to have a minimal carbon and environmental footprint while being resource-efficient.

Dr. Notburga Gierlinger, an Austrian expert in plant material structure and composition, is captivated by the strength of nut shells. “The shells are so hard I fear using my teeth in case I damage them,” said Gierlinger, an associate professor at BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences in Vienna, Austria.

BOKU researcher Paraskevi Charalambous plays a key role in the project, focusing on finding recyclable solvents. Her work has involved exploring solvents with very low melting points. “It’s been a challenge to return the chemical we use to its original form,” she noted. Despite the difficulties, the team has made significant strides since the project began in 2023.

The team has successfully created prototypes, including a nut-leather wallet. The materials they are developing are recyclable and compostable, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional composites. Unlike conventional methods that require additional chemicals to enhance functionality, this process avoids such additives. As a result, the materials can be dissolved and reused.

The researchers are now focused on moving these innovative materials toward production. “The next step is to find companies interested in collaborating,” said Gierlinger. The team is optimistic about the potential applications of these “nutty” materials in the future.