The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU) has developed new soft magnetorheological textiles that could have wide applications in future smart wearable technologies. The research team has created several innovative fabric materials using newly developed fibres that offer controlled responses in specific directions, opening new possibilities for intelligent textile design.

PolyU stated that the research successfully addresses two key limitations of traditional magnetorheological materials, the use of heavy magnetic powders and the possible health risks linked to strong magnetic fields when used close to the human body.

The newly developed textiles are able to bend, stretch and adjust their mechanical properties under magnetic fields that are safe for human use. These materials are electrically driven and programmable, while still maintaining the lightweight, flexible and breathable qualities expected from textiles.

Professor Tao Xiaoming, Director of the PolyU Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems and Chair Professor of Textile Technology at the School of Fashion and Textiles, who led the study, explained that the main goal of the research was to move magnetorheological technology beyond rigid forms. He said the team focused on converting it into fibre-based materials that allow precise and intelligent control while preserving softness and comfort.

The researchers noted that unlike many existing smart materials, which respond only to single factors such as temperature or electrical input, these newly developed magnetorheological textiles can respond in specific directions. This capability has enabled the creation of advanced fabric applications such as haptic gloves that simulate touch and fabrics that actively regulate ventilation and body temperature.