Indian researchers create eco-friendly dyes with microbes

Suchitha Raghunathan and Anjana Badrinarayanan of Bengaluru-based bio-startup Microbeworks have developed eco-friendly dyes using microbial alternatives. Using laboratory facilities, the researchers cultivated microorganisms capable of producing natural pigments. After improving the fermentation process, they successfully developed a high-performance blue dye.

Speaking about the idea, Suchitha Raghunathan said the project began after a fashion technology academic suggested growing bacteria directly on fabric for colouring. While studying the concept, the team realised it would be more practical to extract pigments from the bacteria and convert them into a dye that is safe for people and environmentally friendly. She added that unlike dye-producing plants, microorganisms grow quickly and require very little space, making them a more practical solution for future textile production.

Suchitha explained that the team identified microorganisms that naturally produce pigments and refined the fermentation process to create a stable, high-quality blue dye. She added that these microbes are non-pathogenic, safe for humans, and have a short life cycle. The dye produces a natural-looking colour and gives fabrics an attractive finish.

According to Suchitha, microbial dyes can save space, time, and resources, making them a more practical alternative to plant-based dyes. She added that the technology has the potential to support a more circular and sustainable fashion industry by reducing water consumption, toxic wastewater, and the environmental impact associated with synthetic, petroleum-based dyes.